18. Pertinax (Publius Helvius Pertinax) 192 - 193 - was born on Aug 1, 126 in Alba Pompeia (modern Alba) in north western Italy - he served the empire in many capacities, and was made emperor by the Praetorian Guard on Dec 31, 192 following the assassination of Commodus - he emulated Marcus Aurelius, but eventually disappointed the Praetorian guard by not gifting them as expected - he was assassinated by them on March 28, 193.
19. Didius Julianus (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus) 193 - was born on Feb 2, 137 to a prominent family from Milan - subsequent to the assassination of Pertinax, the Praetorian Prefect offered the throne to the highest bidder - offering 25,000 sesterces to every soldier, Didius became the next emperor, supported by the military - a number of the provincial leaders refused to acknowledge Didius, and declared Severus as emperor - he gained control of the Roman fleet in Ravenna and defeated the Praetorian guard which had by now lapsed into debauchery - refusing an offer by Didius as co-emperor, Severus proceeded to be declared the new emperor by the senate, who also condemned Didius to death - a soldier killed Didius on June 1, 193.
20. Niger (Gaius Pescennius Niger) 193 - 194 was proclaimed emperor by his Syrian troops upon the murder of Pertinax - he was born of an old Italian equestrian family around 135 - 140 - beaten to Rome by Severus, he was defeated in 194 and fled to Parthia, where he killed in 194.
21. Albinus (Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus) 193 - 197 was proclaimed emperor by his Iberian troops upon the murder of Pertinax - he was born into an aristocratic family at Hadrumetum in Africa (modern day Sousse, Tunisia) - he was defeated by Severus at the battle of Lugdunum (Lyon, France) and died on Feb 19, 197 - his wife and sons being executed with him and the inhabitants of Lugdunum being cruelly treated as an example.
22. Severus (Lucius Septimius Severus) 193 - 211 was born on April 11, 145 at Leptis Magna, a city in modern day Lybia of northern Africa which rivalled Carthage and Alexandria in importance due to their native son becoming emperor - he was leading the troops in Pannonia (between Dalmatia and Dacia) when Pertinax was assassinated - he is cited as being responsible for the final transformation of the Roman Empire into a military dictatorship - he is also credited with encouraging the persecution against Christians - basically he opposed conversion to the troublesome sects of Christianity and Judaism - he died at Eboracum (modern day York in northern England) on Feb 4, 211.
23. Caracalla (Lucius Septimius Bassianus) 198 - 217 was born on Apr 4, 188 in Lugdunum (Lyon, France)as the eldest son of Severus - he co-ruled with Severus starting in 198, and with his brother Geta starting in 209 - when his father died in 211, he was co-ruler with Geta, whom he had executed to attain sole control - he was known to be brutal - bought the loyalty of the army, but was assassinated by a personal bodyguard near Harran (in Turkey, near Syrian border - also where Lot lived) on Apr 8, 217.
24. Geta (Publius Septimius Geta) 209 - 211 was born on March 7, 189 in Rome as the youngest son of Severus, and was made co-ruler with Severus and Caracalla in 209 - after his father's death, he constantly argued with Caracalla, until his murder at his brother's behest on Dec 26, 211.
25. Macrinus (Marcus Opellius Macrinus) 217 - 218 was born around 165 in Caesaria (presently Cherchell, about 55 miles west of Agiers in modern Algeria) he was appointed Praetorian Praefect by Caracalla - he was confirmed by the senate as the successor of Caracalla - the surviving women of the Severan dynasty conspired against him to put another Severan on the throne - they succeeded in having Elagabalus, the wrongly proclaimed illegitimate son of Severus, proclaimed emperor on May 18, 218 - Macrinus fled but was captured and executed in Cappadocia in June, 218.
26. Elegabalus (Varius Avitus Bassianus) 218 - 222 was born to a Syrian woman and cousin of Caracalla around 203 - during his short rule he advanced the worship of Helios, the Sun - married 5 times with women and finally to Hierocles, a man - he was convinced to name Severus Alexander, his 13-year old cousin as his heir, and was murdered along with his mother by the Praetorian guard on March 11, 222.
27. Alexander Severus (Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander) 222 - 235 was born on Oct 1, 208 in Arca Caesaria (modern day Akkar in Lebanon) - was declared emperor at the age of 14 while being under the domination of his mother Julia Avita Mamaea - she took care of his education and surrounded him with wise counsellors - he lost the favour of the military, and on was assassinated along with his mother on Mar 18/19, 235 in Moguntiacum (modern Mainz, Germany) marking the end of the short-lived Severan dynasty.
19. Didius Julianus (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus) 193 - was born on Feb 2, 137 to a prominent family from Milan - subsequent to the assassination of Pertinax, the Praetorian Prefect offered the throne to the highest bidder - offering 25,000 sesterces to every soldier, Didius became the next emperor, supported by the military - a number of the provincial leaders refused to acknowledge Didius, and declared Severus as emperor - he gained control of the Roman fleet in Ravenna and defeated the Praetorian guard which had by now lapsed into debauchery - refusing an offer by Didius as co-emperor, Severus proceeded to be declared the new emperor by the senate, who also condemned Didius to death - a soldier killed Didius on June 1, 193.
20. Niger (Gaius Pescennius Niger) 193 - 194 was proclaimed emperor by his Syrian troops upon the murder of Pertinax - he was born of an old Italian equestrian family around 135 - 140 - beaten to Rome by Severus, he was defeated in 194 and fled to Parthia, where he killed in 194.
21. Albinus (Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus) 193 - 197 was proclaimed emperor by his Iberian troops upon the murder of Pertinax - he was born into an aristocratic family at Hadrumetum in Africa (modern day Sousse, Tunisia) - he was defeated by Severus at the battle of Lugdunum (Lyon, France) and died on Feb 19, 197 - his wife and sons being executed with him and the inhabitants of Lugdunum being cruelly treated as an example.
22. Severus (Lucius Septimius Severus) 193 - 211 was born on April 11, 145 at Leptis Magna, a city in modern day Lybia of northern Africa which rivalled Carthage and Alexandria in importance due to their native son becoming emperor - he was leading the troops in Pannonia (between Dalmatia and Dacia) when Pertinax was assassinated - he is cited as being responsible for the final transformation of the Roman Empire into a military dictatorship - he is also credited with encouraging the persecution against Christians - basically he opposed conversion to the troublesome sects of Christianity and Judaism - he died at Eboracum (modern day York in northern England) on Feb 4, 211.
23. Caracalla (Lucius Septimius Bassianus) 198 - 217 was born on Apr 4, 188 in Lugdunum (Lyon, France)as the eldest son of Severus - he co-ruled with Severus starting in 198, and with his brother Geta starting in 209 - when his father died in 211, he was co-ruler with Geta, whom he had executed to attain sole control - he was known to be brutal - bought the loyalty of the army, but was assassinated by a personal bodyguard near Harran (in Turkey, near Syrian border - also where Lot lived) on Apr 8, 217.
24. Geta (Publius Septimius Geta) 209 - 211 was born on March 7, 189 in Rome as the youngest son of Severus, and was made co-ruler with Severus and Caracalla in 209 - after his father's death, he constantly argued with Caracalla, until his murder at his brother's behest on Dec 26, 211.
25. Macrinus (Marcus Opellius Macrinus) 217 - 218 was born around 165 in Caesaria (presently Cherchell, about 55 miles west of Agiers in modern Algeria) he was appointed Praetorian Praefect by Caracalla - he was confirmed by the senate as the successor of Caracalla - the surviving women of the Severan dynasty conspired against him to put another Severan on the throne - they succeeded in having Elagabalus, the wrongly proclaimed illegitimate son of Severus, proclaimed emperor on May 18, 218 - Macrinus fled but was captured and executed in Cappadocia in June, 218.
26. Elegabalus (Varius Avitus Bassianus) 218 - 222 was born to a Syrian woman and cousin of Caracalla around 203 - during his short rule he advanced the worship of Helios, the Sun - married 5 times with women and finally to Hierocles, a man - he was convinced to name Severus Alexander, his 13-year old cousin as his heir, and was murdered along with his mother by the Praetorian guard on March 11, 222.
27. Alexander Severus (Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander) 222 - 235 was born on Oct 1, 208 in Arca Caesaria (modern day Akkar in Lebanon) - was declared emperor at the age of 14 while being under the domination of his mother Julia Avita Mamaea - she took care of his education and surrounded him with wise counsellors - he lost the favour of the military, and on was assassinated along with his mother on Mar 18/19, 235 in Moguntiacum (modern Mainz, Germany) marking the end of the short-lived Severan dynasty.
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